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Overview
A cuesheet is a configuration file for your disc, where you define
all of the files to be recorded and the starting time of each track/
index. The cuesheet gives you complete control over the layout of
your disc. You can control the spacing between tracks, define
subindexes, pre-gaps, post-gaps, media catalog numbers (MCN),
and ISRCs. You can also add a CD-TEXT file (.cdt) to your
cuesheet to specify CD-Text for the disc and individual tracks.
You can create a cuesheet from the Load Tracks dialog box. See
"Creating a Cuesheet" on page 7-2.
File format
Cuesheet files are standard text (ASCII) files. You can use any text
editor, such as Notepad or Wordpad, to edit your cuesheet. Do not
save your cuesheet in any non-text format. The recommended file
extensions for your cuesheet are.cue or.txt.
Formatting
Indentation and spacing between command lines does not interfere
syntax
with CDRWIN compiling a cuesheet. Cuesheet commands are not
case sensitive. However, when editing a cuesheet, it is good
programming practice to use indentation and spacing to keep your
cuesheet orderly.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
Recording with
After creating and editing your cuesheet, you can record your disc
a cuesheet
from the Record Disc dialog box. See "Recording a Disc Using a
Cuesheet" on page 3-2.
This appendix describes the following cuesheet commands:
· CATALOG
· CDTEXTFILE
· FILE
· FLAGS
· INDEX
· ISRC
· PERFORMER
· POSTGAP
· PREGAP
· REM
· SONGWRITER
· TITLE
· TRACK
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CDRWIN User's Guide
Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
CATALOG
You can use the CATALOG command to specify your disc's Media
Catalog Number (MCN). The MCN is encoded according to UPC/
EAN rules. You typically use this command only when mastering a
CD-ROM for commercial production.
Syntax
CATALOG M-C-N
Argument
M-C-N
Media Catalog Number. Must be 13
characters.
Examples
CATALOG 1234567890123
CATALOG 8340218374610
Restrictions
This command can appear only once in the cuesheet file. You can
place this command anywhere in the cuesheet file, but it is usually
placed in the first line of the cuesheet.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
CDTEXTFILE
You can use the CDTEXTFILE command to specify the name of the
file that contains the encoded CD-Text information for the disc.
This command is only used with files that were either created with
CDRWIN's graphical CD-Text editor, or generated automatically
by the software when copying a CD-Text enhanced disc.
To create a CD-Text file with CDRWIN's graphical CD-Text editor,
see Creating a CD-TEXT File on page 8-2.
Syntax
CDTEXTFILE filename
Argument
filename
The CD-Text file's filename (can include
device/directory). If the filename contains
any spaces, then it must be enclosed in
quotation marks.
Examples
CDTEXTFILE C:\TEST\DISC.CDT
CDTEXTFILE "C:\LONG FILENAME.CDT"
Restrictions
If your recorder does not support CD-Text, CDRWIN ignores this
command.
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CDRWIN User's Guide
Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
FILE
Use the FILE command to specify the data or audio file to be
written to your recorder.
Syntax
FILE filename filetype
Arguments
filename
The audio or data file's filename (can
include device and directory). If the
filename contains any spaces, the filename
must be enclosed in quotation marks.
filetype
The audio or data file's filetype. The
following audio filetypes are allowed:
BINARY
Intel binary file (least
significant byte first). Use
for data files.
MOTOROLA Motorola binary file (most
significant byte first). Use
for data files.
AIFF
Audio AIFF file (44.1KHz
16-bit stereo)
WAVE
Audio WAVE file (44.1KHz
16-bit stereo)
MP3
Audio MP3 file (44.1KHz
16-bit stereo)
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
Examples
FILE C:\DATA\TRACK1.ISO BINARY
FILE C:\MUSIC\TRACK2.WAV WAVE
FILE "C:\MUSIC\LONG FILENAME.MP3" MP3
Restrictions
· FILE commands must appear before any other command,
except CATALOG and CDTEXTFILE.
· For AUDIO files, if the length of the data within the file is
not an exact multiple of the CDROM sector size (2352 bytes),
CDRWIN pads the last sector with zeros when it is recorded
to the blank disc.
FLAGS
You can use the FLAGS command to set special subcode flags
within a track. You can specify one or more flags for a track.
Syntax
FLAGS flags
Arguments
flags
Specifies one or more track flags. The
following flags are allowed:
DCP
Digital copy permitted
4CH
Four channel audio
PRE
Pre-emphasis enabled
(audio tracks only)
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
SCMS
Serial Copy Management
System (not supported by
all recorders)
Example
FLAGS DCP
FLAGS 4CH PRE
Restrictions
· The FLAGS command must appear after a TRACK
command, but before any INDEX commands. Only one
FLAGS command is allowed per track.
· There is a fifth subcode flag called DATA, which is set for
data files. This flag is set automatically based on the track's
filetype.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
INDEX
You can use the INDEX command to specify indexes (or
subindexes) within a track.
Syntax
INDEX number mm:ss:ff
Arguments
number
Index number. The range is 0 to 99.
mm:ss:ff Starting
time
of
index
in
minutes
(mm),
seconds (ss), and frames (ff). There are 75
frames per second. All times are relative to
the beginning of the current file.
Example
INDEX 01 00:00:00
INDEX 05 02:34:50
Restrictions
· The first index must be 0 or 1 with all other indexes being
sequential to the first one.
· The first index of a track must start at 00:00:00.
· INDEX 0 specifies the starting time of the track pregap.
· INDEX 1 specifies the starting time of the track data. Index 1
is the only index that is stored in the disc's table-of-contents.
· INDEX numbers greater than 1 specify a subindex within a
track.
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CDRWIN User's Guide
Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
ISRC
You can use the IRSC command to specify a track's International
Standard Recording Code (ISRC). You typically use this command
only when mastering a CD-ROM for commercial production.
Syntax
ISRC code
Argument
code
The ISRC code. Must be 12 characters in
length. The first five characters are
alphanumeric, the last seven are numeric
only.
Example
ISRC ABCDE1234567
Restriction
The ISRC command must be specified after a TRACK command,
but before any INDEX commands.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
PERFORMER
You can use the PERFORMER command to specify the name of a
performer for a CD-Text enhanced disc.
Syntax
PERFORMER performer-string
Argument
performer-string
Name of the performer. The range is 1 to 80
characters. If the string contains any
spaces, it must be enclosed in quotation
marks.
Examples
PERFORMER "The Beatles"
Restrictions
· If the PERFORMER command appears before any TRACK
commands, the performer-string is encoded as the
performer of the entire disc.
· If the command appears after a TRACK command, the
performer string is encoded as the performer of the current
track.
· If your recorder does not support CD-Text, CDRWIN
ignores the PERFORMER command.
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CDRWIN User's Guide
Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
POSTGAP
You can use the POSTGAP command to specify the length of a
track post-gap. CDRWIN internally generates the post-gap data.
No data is consumed from the current data file.
Syntax
POSTGAP <mm:ss:ff>
Argument
mm:ss:ff
Specifies the postgap length in minutes
(mm), seconds (ss), and frames (ff). There
are 75 frames per second.
Example
POSTGAP 00:02:00
Restrictions
· The POSTGAP command must appear after all INDEX
commands for the current track.
· Only one POSTGAP command is allowed per track.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
PREGAP
You can use the PREGAP command to specify the length of a track
pre-gap. CDRWIN internally generates the pre-gap data. No data is
consumed from the current data file.
Syntax
PREGAP mm:ss:ff
Argument
mm:ss:ff
Specifies the pre-gap length in minutes
(mm), seconds (ss), and frames (ff). There
are 75 frames per second.
Examples
PREGAP 00:02:00
Restrictions
· The PREGAP command must appear after a TRACK
command, but before any INDEX commands.
· Only one PREGAP command is allowed per track.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
REM
You can use the REM command to add comments in your CUE
SHEET file. CDRWIN does not compile lines in your cuesheet that
start with the REM command. Successive lines of comments must
begin with the REM command.
Syntax
REM comment
Argument
comment
You comments. There is no restriction on
how long your comments can be, but
successive lines of comments must begin
with the REM command.
Example
REM This is a
REM long comment
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
SONGWRITER
You can use the SONGWRITER command to specify the name of a
songwriter for a CD-Text enhanced disc.
Syntax
SONGWRITER songwriter-string
Argument
songwriter-string
Name of the songwriter. The range is 1 to
80 characters. If the string contains any
spaces, it must be enclosed in quotation
marks.
Examples
SONGWRITER "Paul McCartney"
Restrictions
· If the SONGWRITER command appears before any TRACK
commands, the songwriter-string is encoded as the
songwriter of the entire disc.
· If the command appears after a TRACK command, the
songwriter-string is encoded as the songwriter of the
current track.
· If your recorder does not support CD-TEXT, CDRWIN
ignores the SONGWRITER command.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
TITLE
You can use the TITLE command to specify a title for a CD-Text
enhanced disc.
Syntax
TITLE title-string
Argument
title-string
Title of the disc or track. The range is 1 to
80 characters. If the string contains any
spaces, it must be enclosed in quotation
marks.
Examples
TITLE "The Beatles - Abbey Road"
TITLE "Here Comes the Sun"
Restrictions
· If the TITLE command appears before any TRACK
commands, the title-string is encoded as the title of the
entire disc.
· If the command appears after a TRACK command, the title-
string is encoded as the title of the current track.
· If your recorder does not support CD-Text, the TITLE
command is ignored.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
TRACK
Use the TRACK command to start a new TRACK.
Syntax
TRACK number datatype
Arguments
number
Track number. The range is 1 to 99.
datatype
Track datatype. The following datatypes
are allowed:
AUDIO Audio/Music
(2352)
CDG Karaoke
CD+G (2448)
MODE1/2048 CD-ROM Mode1 Data
(cooked)
MODE1/2352 CD-ROM Mode1 Data
(raw)
MODE2/2336 CD-ROM XA Mode2 Data
MODE2/2352 CD-ROM XA Mode2 Data
CDI/2336
CD-I Mode2 Data
CDI/2352
CD-I Mode2 Data
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
The following table describes supported datatypes and sector sizes by
recorder model

recorder model and supported data types and sector sizes
AUDIO
2352		 AUDIO
2448		 MODE1
2048		 MODE1
2352		 MODE2
2336		 MODE2
2352
JVC + - + - + -
OLYMPUS + - + + + +
PANASONIC + + + + + +
PHILIPS + - - + - +
PINNACLE + - + - + -

RICOH

 + - - + - +
SONY + - + + + +
YAMAHA + + + + + +


Examples
TRACK 1 MODE1/2048
TRACK 20 AUDIO
Restrictions
· All track numbers must be between 1 and 99 inclusive.
· The first track number can be greater than one, but all track
numbers after the first must be sequential.
· You must specify at least one track per file.
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Appendix B ­ Cuesheet Commands
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.aif
File extension for Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF). AIFF is
the standard audio format for Macintosh computers.
.bin
File extension for Intel (least significant byte first) binary format.
This is the default file format when you create an image file from
the Extract Disc Image/Cuesheet Window.
.cue
File extension for a CDRWIN generated cuesheet.
.cdt
File extension for a CD-TEXT file created with CDRWIN's CD-
Text Editor.
.fbl
File extension for a File Backup List.
.iso
File extension for files saved in ISO 9660 format.
.mot
File extension for Motorola (most significant byte last) binary
format.
.mp3
File extension for Moving Pictures Expert Group, Audio Layer 3
(MP3).
.wav
File extension for waveform audio format. Waveform is the
standard audio format for PCs and is the default file format when
you create an image file with the Select Tracks option in the
Extract Tracks Window.
ASPI
Advanced SCSI Programming Interface.
autoloader
See disc transporter.
block
See sector.
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buffer
An amount of memory that temporarily stores data to help
compensate for differences in the transfer rate from one device to
another.
buffer
A disc writing error that occurs when your computer cannot
underrun
maintain a steady stream of data to the CD recorder. This is the
most common problem in CD recording. For a CD recorder to
successfully create a disc, it must receive an uninterrupted flow
of data transferred at a speed equal to or greater than the
recording speed of the CD recorder.
To insure a constant flow of data during recording, CDRWIN
creates a holding area for data, known as a buffer, in your
computer's system memory. During recording, the data is loaded
into the buffer, where it waits until the data is moved into the CD
recorder. However, if the CD recorder empties the buffer faster
than it can be refilled, the buffer empties, resulting in a
interruption in data flow to the CD recorder, or a buffer
underrun. The CD recorder halts writing and your recordable CD
is irretrievably damaged. CDRWIN uses cyclic buffering to
optimize filling of the buffer during recording.
CD Extra
An Enhanced CD that includes two sessions: the first contains up
to 98 CD-DA audio tracks, and the second session contains a CD-
ROM XA format data track, sometimes called CD-Plus.
CD+G
CD+Graphics. Audio, text, and graphics used in the same
application. The audio tracks are contained in the main data area
of the CD. The text and graphics are contained in the disc's R-
through W- subcodes. This type of disc is usually used for
Karaoke machines.
CD-DA
Compact Disc­Digital Audio. A CD-DA disc contains tracks with
audio sectors only. CD-DA tracks are written in raw sectors
(2352 bytes with no ECC or EDC) or mode 1.
CD-I
Compact Disc ­ Interactive. A compact disc format designed to
allow interactive multimedia applications to be played through a
computer/disc player attached to a television. This format is
good for real-time animation, video, and sound.
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CDRWIN User's Guide
Glossary
CD-R
Compact Disc ­ Recordable. A type of media that allows you to
record information using a CD Recorder.
CD-ROM
Compact Disc ­ Read Only Memory. A standard for compact disc
used as a digital memory medium for personal computers.
CD-ROM XA
Compact Disc-Read Only Memory Extended Architecture. An
enhanced version of CD-I, CD-ROM XA is a format designed to
add audio and video capabilities so that the CD-ROM can more
easily be used for multimedia applications. Data tracks are
recorded in mode 2. CD-ROM XA is also the physical format for
Photo CD discs.
CD-RW
Compact Disc - ReWritable. CD-RW is a reusable media and
recording system that allows you to erase previously recorded
information, then record new information onto the same physical
location on the disc.
CD-Text
A disc with text embedded in the disc's R- through W- subcodes.
The text contained in the subcodes for each track displays in your
CD player's main window. On an audio disc, the text displayed is
usually the artist's name, album title, and title for each track.
close disc
To finalize a recordable disc so that no further data can be written
to it. This is done when the last session's lead-in is written ­ the
next writable address is not recorded in that lead-in, so the CD
recorder in subsequent attempts to write has no way of knowing
where to begin writing. It is not necessary to close a disc in order
to read it in a normal CD-ROM drive.
close
To finalize a recording session so that information about its
session
contents is written into the disc's table of contents (TOC), and a
lead-in and lead-out are written to prepare the disc for a
subsequent session.
cuesheet
A list of tracks to be recorded one after the other in the same
session without user intervention. The cuesheet is an important
part of CDRWIN's disc-at-once capability, and is effective when
making multiple copies of a CD. Cuesheets are usually used to
create multi-track audio or CD Extra discs.
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cyclic
A method of filling the CD Recorder's buffer to optimize
buffering
computer resources during recording. Cyclic buffering means a
certain percentage of the CD Recorder's buffer is emptied before
the computer begins to refill the buffer. For example, if
CDRWIN's full-to-empty ratio is set to 85% full, 15% empty, your
computer fills the Recorder's buffer to 100%, waits for the
recorder to read 15% of the data, and then fills the buffer again to
100%. This cycle repeats until there is no more data to buffer.
Cyclic buffering reduces your computer's memory usage during
recording, and thus reduces the chance of a buffer underrun.
DAO
See disc-at-once.
data area
In the ISO 9660 specification, the space on a CD-ROM where user
data is written. It begins at the address 00:02:16.
data formats The types of data that can be recorded on CD. They all share the
same physical block size (2352 bytes). However, they have
different user block sizes (bytes available to the user for
recording) depending on the level of error correction adopted:
the lower the read accuracy required, the smaller the error
correction code required, the bigger the user data block is. The
following is a list of CD compatible data formats:
Audio
No extra error correction is required to read and play back audio.
The user blocks size matches the physical block size and is 2352
bytes.
Mode 1/Form 1
Mode 1 and Mode 2/Form 1 formats are used to store digital
data; therefore, the highest read accuracy is required. The user
block size is 2048 bytes (2KB). The remaining bytes are used to
store sync patterns, block headers, and error correction and
detection codes (ECC/EDC).
Mode 2/Form 2
This format is used almost exclusively to store digital video data,
thus requiring only moderate read accuracy. The user blocks size
is 2324 bytes. The remaining bytes are used to store sync patterns,
block headers and EDC.
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CDRWIN User's Guide
Glossary
disc-at-once A method of writing one or more tracks in a single operation.
Disc-at-once is available only in newer CD recorders and recent
firmware upgrades.
disc
A CD recorder capable of holding multiple CD-Rs or CD-RWs for
transporter
recording. After the first disc is recorded, the disc transporter
automatically loads the next blank disc into position for
recording, sometimes called an autoloader.
ECC
Error Correction Code. A system of scrambling data and
recording redundant data onto disc as it is premastered. On
playback, this redundant information helps to detect and correct
errors that can arise during data transmission.
EDC
Error Detection Code. 32-bits in each sector that are used to detect
errors in the sector data.
file backup
A list of data files and directories to copy to disc. This list allows
list
you to save settings for files and directories that you frequently
backup to CD-R or CD-RW.
IDE
Integrated Drive Electronics.
image file
A file containing an exact representation of the data that will be
placed on your CD-R. Image files are files copied from the source
CD, copied onto your computer's hard drive, then transferred to
the CD Recorder.
import
A CDRWIN function that enables you to use multisession
previous
recording, allowing you to archive your computer files on a disc
session
incrementally. Importing previous sessions allows you to record a
disc, use it, then update and add files to the disc in subsequent
recording sessions.
When you incrementally record a disc, no information from the
previous session is removed. All sessions remain on your disc
and continue to take up memory, but only the information in the
latest session is accessible. Each session is separated by 14 to 30
megabytes of empty space. You can add sessions to your disc
until your disc's capacity is full.
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ISO 9660
An internationally accepted standard specifying the logical
format for files and directories on a CD-ROM. The standard
allows different computers with different operating systems to
access the same data format.
ISRC
International Standard Recording Code. Some recorders allow
the ISRC to be recorded for each audio track on a disc. The code is
made up of:
· Country Code (2 ASCII characters)
· Owner Code (3 ASCII characters)
· Year of Recording (2 digits)
· Serial Number (5 digits)
jitter
A type of recording error caused by synchronization errors on the
CD-R. Jitter results in audible clicks, or chirps, when you play the
recorded CD-R. CDRWIN allows you to control jitter.
Joliet
An extension of the ISO 9660 standard developed by Microsoft to
allow long filenames when recording CDs. Joliet allows you to
use filenames up to 64 characters in length, including spaces.
Joliet also records the associated eight character DOS name for
each file so that DOS and early Windows systems can read the
names. The number of characters in the combination of Joliet file
name plus its file path cannot exceed 128.
LBA
Logical Block Address. Each sector on a disc has its own LBA,
expressed as a six digit number that is the sector's address, or
location, on the disc. LBAs are numbered sequentially from
beginning to end of the disc, starting with the beginning of track
number 1 (LBA 000000) and ending with the last sector on the
disc.
lead-in
An area at the beginning of each session on a disc left blank for
the session's table of contents (TOC) (track numbers and start-
and-stop points), and other miscellaneous information about the
disc and recorded tracks. CDRWIN writes the lead-in when a
session is closed, and takes up 4500 sectors on disc. The lead-in
also indicates whether the disc is a multisession disc, and if the
disc is not closed, where the next recordable address is located on
the disc.
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Glossary
lead-out
An area at the end of a session indicating that the end of the data
for that session. No actual data is written in the lead-out. The first
lead-out on a disc is 6750 sectors (1.5 minutes, about 13
megabytes) long. Any subsequent lead-outs are 2250 sectors (0.5
minute, about 4 megabytes).
mode 1
See data formats.
mode 2
See data formats.
MCN
Media Catalog Number.
MP3
Moving Pictures Expert Group, Audio Layer 3. A type of audio
compression that provides high quality sound in reduced file
sizes when compared to uncompressed audio formats, such as
waveform. CDRWIN does not create image files in MP3 format,
but you can record MP3 files to a disc from the Record Disc
dialog box.
multisession A disc to which data is added incrementally in more than one
recording session.
on-the-fly
A method of recording the contents of an existing CD onto CD-R
or CD-RW without writing a permanent image file onto your
hard drive. CDRWIN's Backup Disc function provides two
methods of writing discs on-the-fly:
· Copy to Image and Record ­ Copies the CD to a temporary
image file on your hard drive, then records the temporary
image file to disc. The image file is deleted from your hard
drive automatically after recording is complete. This method
is the safest way to copy a disc because copying the
temporary image file allows CDRWIN to diagnose any
potential errors in the source CD.
· Copy Directly to CD Recorder ­ Copies the disc directly to the
CD recorder without first creating an image file.
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post-gap
A space dividing tracks, recorded at the end of the track's data
area. The post-gap is 150 sectors (2 seconds) long and is required
only where successive tracks are of different types.
pre-gap
A space dividing tracks, recorded before the track data area. The
length of the pre-gap varies with the CD recorder and the types of
tracks. Where successive tracks are both of data, one track is
separated from another by a track pre-gap of 150 sectors (2
seconds). Where successive tracks are of different types (audio or
data), the pre-gap is usually of 225 sectors (or three seconds).
raw sectors
mode 1 sectors with 2352 bytes. Raw sectors contain no EDC or
ECC bits.
run-in
Part of the lead-in marking the beginning of a new session. When
blocks
the recording laser is turned off after writing, the CD Recorder
writes two run-out blocks.
run-out
Part of the lead-in marking the end of a session. When the
blocks
recorder's laser is turned back on again, it writes five run-in
blocks.
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface (pronounced "scuzzy").
sector
A sector is the smallest recordable unit on a CD. A disc can
contain
[(75 sectors per second) x (60 seconds per minute) x (number of
minutes on disc)]
sectors. The amount of data contained in a sector depends on
what physical format and mode it is recorded in. Sometimes
called blocks.
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Glossary
session
An area on the disc consisting of a lead-in area, a data area, and a
lead-out area; a recorded segment of a compact disc which may
contain one or more tracks of any type (data or audio). In data
recording, there is usually only one track per session, but there
may be multiple sessions on a disc. In audio recording, all audio
tracks should be in a single session. A lead-in and lead-out are
recorded for every session on a disc.
subcode
A separate low speed data channel running alongside audio data,
which can be read by a player at the same time as the audio.
Audio CDs have 8 subcode channels, designated P through Q, of
non-audio data interleaved with the audio data.
The P- and Q-channels contain timing information. The R-
through W-channels are empty in audio and data discs. On Cd-
TEXT discs, the R- through W- channels contain text information
and the disc and individual tracks. On CD+G (Karaoke) discs,
the R- through W- channels contain text and graphics
information.
The following table summarizes the function of the subcodes on
each type of disc.
Subcode
Audio Disc
CD-Text Disc
CD+G Disc
Channel
Function
Function
Function
P
Contains pre-gap and post-
Contains pre-gap and post-
Contains pre-gap and post-
gap information about gaps
gap information about gaps
gap information about gaps
between tracks.
between tracks.
between tracks.
Q
Contains the table of contents Contains the table of contents Contains the table of contents
(TOC) time code information (TOC) time code information
(TOC) time code information
for each sector. The timing
for each sector. The timing
for each sector. The timing
information appears in your
information appears in your
information appears in your
CD player's console window CD player's console window
CD player's console window
as the track is playing.
as the track is playing.
as the track is playing.
R thru W
Unused
Contains text information for
Contains graphics and text for
the corresponding track. If
the corresponding track. The
your CD player supports CD-
text is displayed on a
Text, the text is displayed on
compatible monitor when the
your CD player 's console
track is played.
window.
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table of
A part of the lead-in track that shows the number of tracks, their
contents
starting locations, and the total length of the data area of the disc.
(TOC)
The disc's time code information is contained in the Q-channel
subcode. When you close a session, the TOC is written in the
lead-in track. With an unfinished (unclosed) recording of the disc,
however, you cannot write the TOC to the disc.
track
An area of data on the disc that is preceded by a pre-gap and
followed by a post-gap. Every time you write to disc, you create
at least one track. Any session may contain one or more tracks,
and the tracks within a session can be of the same or different
types.
track-at-
A method of recording a disc one track at a time. In between
once
every two tracks (unless you are recording only a single track),
the CD recorder's laser stops while the hard drive is prepared for
the contents of the next track.
Each time the laser stops recording, it writes run-out blocks.
When starting again, it writes run-in blocks. CD-ROM readers
ignore these blocks, but in some audio players you might hear a
click between tracks. This is why disc-at-once recording is
preferable for audio discs.
transporter
See disc transporter
volume
A type of descriptive text you can add to your disc. The volume
descriptor
descriptor is stored in Block 16 of your disc. The volume label is
displayed by most device and directory applications in DOS and
Windows. The other information in the volume descriptor is for
documentation purposes only.
waveform
See .wav
G-10
CDRWIN User's Guide